NOTE:  THE MATERIAL ON THIS EXAMPLE EXAM MAY NOT EXACTLY 
CORRESPOND TO THE MATERIAL THAT WILL APPEAR ON THE "REAL" 
EXAM GIVEN IN CLASS.  

1. (6) Label the following structures and indicate whether 
they are roots(R) or stems(S):

             
             

2. (4) Identify the leaf shapes:
                        
                        

3.  (5) Identify the leaf margin types:
                

4.  (3) Label the leaf arrangement types.


5.  (7) Indicate and label the flower parts (1/2 pt each).

6.  (4)  Label the inflorescence types:

            

7.  (3)  Consider a hypothetical genus of plants that has species with 
inflorescences of spikes, racemes, and panicles.  Assume that the evolution of 
inflorescences in this genus has occurred from simple to more complex forms.  
Describe or diagram the evolution of inflorescences in this genus.  You can 
describe in words, diagrams, or a combination of the two.  








8.  (4)  How many ovaries are there in a flower with a compound pistil 
containing 4 carpels "             "?  How any ovaries are there in a flower 
with 16 simple pistils "                    "?

9.  (5)  Label the placentation types:
X-section = cross section, L = longitudinal section

         
X-section          X-section    L-section      X-section     X-section

10.  (2)  Write a floral formula for the following flower:
Four sepals fused below, four petals zygomorphic and fused, 4 stamens fused 
below to corolla, superior ovary with 4 fused carpels.


11.  (2)  Describe a flower with the following floral formula:




12.  (6)  Classify the flowers below by circling actinomorphic (A) or 
zygomorphic (Z).  Also describe their shapes below the figures.

          

13.  (4)  Identify the androecium types:

     


14.  (6) Indicate the ovary position and flower type (hypogynous, perigynous, 
or epigynous) for each of the flowers below.

          

15.  (11)  Identify the fruit types:

         


           

        

16.  (4)  The structure below developed from a flower with many simple 
pistils.  The individual fruits are small and indehiscent and the seed 
is free of the fruit wall.  Therefore this structure is 
an "            " of "              ".

17.  (5) What are five characteristics unique to angiosperms?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

18.  (4) Contrast monocots and dicots for the following
characteristics:
                             Monocots                 Dicots
A.  # cotyledons       								
B.  Leaf venation      								
C.  Arrangement of
    vascular bundles   								
D.  # floral parts     								

19.  (4) Which family is considered to be the most primitive of all 
flowering plants"             "?  Name three characteristics of this 
family that are considered to be primitive:
						
						
						
20.  (2)  A plant taxonomist has found a new species of plant and has 
given it a new name.  It turns out that this same name has already 
been used to name an animal.  Is this a problem? (yes or no).  Why?




21.  (6)  Below is a list of names in an actual revision.  The author 
has looked at the type specimens associated with these names and has 
decided that they all belong to the same species.  The name selected 
to use by the author is the first one, Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz. 
 All of the names were published validly and effectively.
The names are:

Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz - 1766 
Ascyrum hypericoides L. - 1753 (L. is an abbreviation for Linnaeus)
A. crux-andreae v. angustifolium Nutt. -1818
A. linifolium Spach - 1836
A. oblongifolium Spach - 1836

Describe the history of this taxon by answering the following questions.
A.  Who first described this taxon and what name did he use?


B.  The name of the taxonomist who most recently worked on this group 
and decided that Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz is the correct name 
does not appear anywhere in any of the names.  Why?



C.  Which of the names above have separate type specimens associated 
with them?









22.  (3)  List three problems with common names